Polonnaruwa, the medieval capital of the country during the Chola dynasty.

Polonnaruwa, Sri Lanka's medieval capital, is a place of rich history and archaeological significance. Located in the north central province of the country, it was the political and cultural centre during the Chola dynasty and later the kings of Sri Lanka from the 10th to the 13th century.

The city is dotted with iconic monuments that testify to the flourishing of Buddhism and the architectural evolution of the time. One of the most famous is the Gal Vihara, a complex of four Buddha statues carved into a single rock. The statues, depicting the Buddha in various poses, are striking in their harmony and artistry.

The Vatadage, with its characteristic circular structure and elaborate decorations, is another point of interest. The stupa at its centre is surrounded by four entrances, each of which symbolizes the four directions of the world.

Also standing out is the Palace of King Parakramabahu, a magnificent structure that includes a seven-storey tower, great halls and walls that protect the heart of the palace. The Parakrama Samudra Lake, the work of the same king, is an impressive example of ancient engineering and continues to be functional to this day.

Polonnaruwa is not just an archaeological site; it is a living testimony to Sri Lanka's golden age and its cultural heritage.